In this work the hydrothermal synthesis of ZSM-12 zeolite was performed, varying the MTEACl/SiO2 ratio, where the synthesis temperature was 140 ºC and the crystallization time was 144 hours. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, FTIR and TG. TiO2/ZSM-12 catalysts were used with titanium ions concentrations of 5, 10 and 15%. The oxidative desulfurization (ODS) reactions were performed using a model mixture containing n-heptane as solvent and thiophene as sulfur compound, H2O2 as an oxidizing agent, and acetonitrile as an extractor solvent at reaction temperatures of 30, 50 and 70 ºC. The obtained results shows that TiO2/ZSM-12 with 15% of Ti catalyst has a better performance in the ODS reaction converting thiophene at about 60%.

Biodiesel is a fuel renewable, biodegradable and environmentally correct fuel, which can be obtained from the esterification reactions, transesterification and pyrolisis. Montmorillonite is a clay mineral of the smectite group and are of great interest for industrial processes such as catalysis and adsorption. Acid activation of clay minerals is one of the most effective methods proposed to produce active materials. In this work, montmorillonite clay was treated with H2SO4 in different concentrations (0.2 – 0.8 mol L–1), characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and applied in the catalytic esterification of oleic acid. The results reveal that the clay treated with aqueous solutions 0.8 mol L–1 H2SO4 shows promising catalytic activity toward the studied reaction, with maximum conversion of oleic acid of 65% at 30 °C.

The perovskites are strategic materials due their catalytic, electronic and magnetic properties. These properties are influenced by the calcination and synthesis conditions. In this work was carried out the synthesis of LaNiO3 perovskite-type by chelating precursor method using EDTA and also was studied the optimization of the EDTA content in the synthesis. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). In the optimization of the EDTA content the lowest ratio of metal / EDTA used was 1.0 / 0.1, where it was possible to obtain monophasic perovskite.

Spinel-type solid solutions were synthesized by the Pechini method and calcined between 500 and 900 °C for 4 hours and at 900 °C for 8 hours to produce ceramic pigments. The resulting powders were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), particle size analysis and BET surface area measurements. The formation of spinel took place upon calcination at 700 °C. IR spectroscopy revealed the presence of n1 and n2 bands, typical of spinel structures, broadened by the presence of more than one cationic species in the structure. The specific area of the resulting powder decreased from 24.7 to 1.4 m² g-1 as the calcination temperature increased from 700 to 900 °C. Microstructural analyses revealed the presence of crystalline spinel as the only phase present in powders calcined at 900 °C. Colorimetric analyses using L*a*b* coordinates and UV-visible spectroscopy revealed that the pigment was predominantly black.

Complexos de percloratos à base de terras raras com a 2-azaciclononanona (AZA) foram obtidos a partir da reação entre os respectivos sais hidratados com a AZA (proporção molar 1:8) pelo método de difusão de vapor e caracterizados por titulação complexiométrica com EDTA, microanálise (CHN), espectroscopia vibracional na região do IV, termogravimetria em atmosfera de ar e N2 e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) em atmosfera de N2. O estudo cinético desse trabalho foi realizado utilizando um software em QBASIC que faz a simulação dos dados termogravimétricos a partir de um conjunto dado de parâmetros cinéticos.

Complexes of rare earth perchlorates with 2-azacyclononanone (AZA) were synthesized (molar ratio 1:8) by reaction of hydrated perchlorates in ethanol and triethlylorthoformate by a vapor diffusion method and they were characterized by complexometric analyses with EDTA, CHN microanalytical procedures, IR absorption spectra, thermogravimetry in air and N2 atmosphere and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in the N2 atmosphere. The theoretical kinetic study was carried out using the QBASIC program inputting the TG data.

A polarizabilidade representa a facilidade de distorção da configuração eletrônica de uma espécie, quando condicionada a interação de um campo elétrico. A diversidade de aplicações tem motivado experimentos sistemáticos para a obtenção dos valores de polarizabilidade dipolo. Neste trabalho foram avaliados os parâmetros ópticos e polarizabilidades eletrônicas dos compostos Nd(TMS)3.9H2O e Nd(TMS)(3)5BPMU.2H2O, onde TMS = trifluorometanossulfonato e BPMU = bis(pentametileno)uréia, na presença dos solventes acetonitrila e metanol. Foram registrados os espectros nas regiões referente as transições hipersensitivas 4I9/2 -> 4G7/2, ²G9/2 e 4I9/2 -> 4G5/2, ²G7/2. Em ambas as transições, quando o meio é acetonitrila, os compostos apresentam valores de polarizabilidades mais elevados, resultantes de uma maior interação do ambiente químico em torno do íon central, favorecido por este solvente.

Electronic systems when submitted to an electrical field of electromagnetic radiation, acquire induced dipole moment, modifying the distribution of charge and distortion the molecular geometry. In this paper, electronic polarizability when evaluated for the Nd(TMS)3.9H2O and Nd(TMS)(3)5BPMU.2H2O, were TMS = trifluorometanessulfonate and BPMU = bis(pentametileno)uréia, in methanol and acetonitrile solutions from the electronic absorption spectra. When the solvent is acetonitrile the distribution on electronic cloud showed greater values in the compounds.